Thursday, May 28, 2020

Music Therapys Impact on the Mental Health of Refugees Diagnosed with PTSD - Free Essay Example

Music gives a soul to a universe, wings to the mind, flight to the imagination, and life to everything. This quote was written by Plato and it reminds myself why music is so important in the world, especially to those who suffer from various diagnoses. Music Therapy is a therapeutic method that incorporates music as a device to help improve both mental and behavioral problems that numerous people are suffering from. I have decided to focus on refugees who suffer from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder or PTSD. Many refugees have traumatic experiences associated with war, poverty, political unrest, etc. In this thesis, I will prove that music therapy has a positive impact on the mental health of refugees who are diagnosed with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Before I discuss experiments that have been performed recently, there has already been previous evidence showing that music therapy was a legitimate trauma treatment. The nervous system plays a role in the idea of music therapy as neurological studies have provided evidence that music listening plays an integral role on numerous areas of the brain. Music therapists believe that with a use of music therapy on a regular basis, patients with diagnosed trauma disorders can eventually improve the ways they deal with their traumatic experiences. This includes the patient learning to contain their experiences and emotions, regulating the arousal they ge t when they think of their traumatic experiences, and being able to incorporate these traumatic experiences as a memory among many that are part of their individual story. There have been several experiments completed to prove that music therapy does generally improve the mental conditions of those refugees who suffer from PTSD. This is the case for both refugee adults and refugee children who have suffered through traumatic events. The first study that I will discuss was carried for eighteen months between the years 2014 and 2015 in The Trauma Clinic for Refugees in the Region Zealand of Denmark. Eligible participants in this study were refugees who had been diagnosed with PTSD by a medical doctor or some other anxiety, somatoform, or personality disorder. Even those with severe cases of PTSD were permitted as long the participant did not require hospitalization. The method used in this study was the use of Guided Imagery and Music (GIM). According to the Music and Imagery Association of Australia, Guided Imagery and Music is a psychodynamic therapy that integrates music listening in a relaxed state to stimulate memories, imagery, and feelings to help the client understand life issues from a holistic perspective. The participants of this study received one-hour sessions sixteen times throughout the study timeline. The primary treatment used for these participants was a modification of the Bonny Method of Guided Imagery and Music. During these sessions, the music therapists would direct the conversation to a deeper thought before the music is chosen. Then, the therapist would play the music while continuing the deep conversation about inner emotions and the traumatized experience. To conclude, the therapist guides the patient out of the deep dialogue and then process the entire experience. These sessions were adapted and updated to suffice the needs of the patients at hand. This included providing multiple music choices, changing the length of the music listening periods, changing the volume of the music itself, or providing music that participants could use at home between these weekly sessions. All these as well as other adaptions were done for the needs of the refugees sense of stability, safety, and control. This allowed the participants to associate listening to music with a sense of safety, stability, and control even when discussing their traumatic experience. The outcomes of these sessions were measure by was a scale called the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire which had three subscales titled avoidance, hypervigilance and intrusion. Also, after each session the participants scored their satisfaction of each session on a seven-point scale and answered what the most helpful thing was in that session. After analyzing the data, many correlations were observed between changes in trauma symptoms and sleep quality, age, sex, mentalization levels, session helpfulness and the weeks in treatment. Sleep quality was measure three times over the course of the entire study. Generally, sleep quality improved gradually yet most efficiently during the first stage of the study. According to the study, the participants rated their sleep 78% better from before the music therapy to after the music therapy treatment. This is a statement that better clarifies why music therapy positively impacts the mental health of refugees diagnosed with PTSD. Sleep quality is a vital part of mental health and is essential to many daily functions of the brain. A lack of sleep causes changes in mood, potentially more stress, fatigue, etc. Overall in the study, it was shown that the dark emotions and traumatic experiences were subdued by the music therapy as it allowed the participants to cope with all the horrible events in their pasts. Some counterarguments made against the evidence of this study include that it was not a large enough sample size, music choice, translation needed, and possible bias. However, the music choice was adapted to the liking of the participants as many switched the music from western music to music from their homeland. This allowed the participants to truly feel the music during their sessions as it allowed them to connect on a deeper emotional level than music they may not find interesting. Twelve out of the sixteen refugees that participated in this study did not speak the same language, so translators were needed for these participants. The same tra nslator was used for all these individuals and was taught by the music therapists in how to go about presenting the information the therapists were expressing. This smooth connection between the therapists, translator, and participants allowed the participants to fully comprehend the complete experience of a session of Guided Imagery and Music. In this study there was potential bias from the music therapists to persuade the participants to grade highly of the music therapy sessions. However, some participants wrote down that the sessions were not helpful or did nothing to better them. This shows that this study had no bias involved and the results obtained are true and factual. Thus, all the counterarguments against this study do not have evidence to prove that this study is inaccurate or not a well-designed experiment. The authors of this experiment believe that since the results from this study were positive that a certain version of Guided Imagery and Music can be very impactful for those refugees who suffer from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. The only thing the researchers believe would better support the evidence they obtained in this study is if they had a larger sample size to study. Even though there were not many participants, the evidence shows that music therapy is a legitimate theoretic method for refugees across the globe that suffer from PTSD. The second study I will discuss is about the evaluation of a school-based creative arts therapy Program for adolescents from refugee backgrounds. Many children are forced to move from their homes due to war, political unrest, poverty, etc. Many of these children experience traumatic events throughout their past and are more prone to be diagnosed with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder than adults. According to the Refugee Health Technical Assistance Center, adolescents and children who are refugees have PTSD rates of 50-90 percent in different areas while adults who are refugees have PTSD rate of 10-40 percent in those same areas. This shows that even more children are impacted by traumatic events and are diagnosed with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Also, for someone to suffer through a traumatic experience at such a young age can have a huge impact on how they deal with their stress for the rest of their life. Therefore, some schools have created art therapy programs for those childre n who suffer from ranges of trauma based on the experiences they have had. These programs are essential as many students who do not speak the language of the country dont seek help if they are going through dark times in their lives. This arts therapy allows the refugee children to have a better approach to cope with all the emotions inside after experiencing possible horrific events. The study I will be discussing took place at Milpera State High School located in Brisbane, Australia. This high school is a highly intensive English language school and a large proportion of the school are students who are refugees from locations such as the Middle East, East Asia, and Africa. The title of the creative arts program at this school was HEAL, which stands for the Home of Expressive Arts in Learning, and it helps the students deal with emotional, behavioral, and social issues they are dealing with. This program also connects the school with welfare and community organizations to provide t he best practice towards the students of the school. In this study there were forty-two students that participated, and the average age of these participants was approximately fifteen years and five months. These participants engaged in the HEAL program over the course of ten weeks. Three scales were used to measure mental health including a scale for depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms. According to the study, some of the music therapy activities used during session included lyric analysis, song-writing, song-parody, instrumental/vocal improvisation (with percussive instruments, drums, keyboards, guitar and vocal sounds), rapping and musical games, learning how to play guitar or keyboard, listening to musical favorites, sharing songs from original culture or religious background, dancing, performance during exit parades and school events. The students of the HEAL program experienced a minimum of one hour of a session each week of the program timeline. Based on the results of the entire HEAL program timeline, the arts therapy created at this school has been proven to positively impact young children who come from refugee backgrounds especially on their emotional and behavioral obstacles. According to the study, one student who went through the entire HEAL program stated, I like HEAL, if I have any feelings they can help me solve my problems. Another student within the program said, I think HEAL helps me to like my new life and to make me remember good things in my mind. I believe that after hearing these two personal responses from students who went through the entire HEAL program, you can tell that these two students were extremely impacted by the therapy they were offered. They felt more comfortable about their emotions after the program and they felt as though they were in a more positive state of mind then compared to before the program. For this study, there were some counterarguments against the evidence obtained including that the sample size was nt larger enough or that the sessions were not the exact same every time for every person. However, even though the sample size wasnt huge many individuals who participated were still affected in a positive way by the HEAL program. This shows that music therapy is a legitimate therapeutic method that can positively impact the mental health of refugees who suffer from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. The authors of this study believe that their evidence proves art therapy-based programs do improve how these refugee children deal with their trauma and that in the future using a larger sample size will confirm this statement to an even higher degree.

Saturday, May 16, 2020

532 - 1892 Words

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Assessor signature †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...Date Internal Verifier signature and date (if sampled): †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Date Questioning record N/SVQ / unit 532 Candidate name†¦ †¦Kelly Neild†¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Unit Assessor Devised Questions 1.1 1.2†¦show more content†¦Also monitor and evaluate personal development plans with staff. According to RCN ( royal collage of nursing) there are seven general principles for the supervisor to carry out, 1, staff are to understand what is expected from them. 2, staff must have guidance in their work. 3, good work should always be recognised. 4, poor work deserves constructive criticism. 5, staff should be encouraged to improve themselves. 6, staff should work in a safe environment. 7, staff should have opportunities to show they can accept responsibility. Analyse the importance of managing performance in relation to; GOVERNANCE Social care is a framework for making sure that social care services provide excellent standards of services and aim to exceed these standards. In social care, values, behaviours and decisions are open to scrutiny so it is important to develop safe and affective evidence based practice. Good governance means that we recognise our accountability within residential services. We have a series of policies in place to monitor and evaluate our performance which is governed by the local brough council and we can be spot checked by cqc at anytime. The responsibilities of care governance, the management team will; 1, develop leadership and accountability arrangements. 2, monitor overall performance in relation to care governance. 3, identify and coordinate the inclusion of new legislation and guidelines into existingShow MoreRelatedHrm 5321564 Words   |  7 PagesRunning Header: Assignment 1: To Organize or Not to Organize? The Mercedes-Benz U.S. International  (MBUSI) is located in Vance, Alabama employs over 4,000 people. This organization has created thousands of others jobs by association in the area and has contributed billions of dollars of other commerce do to its presence in Alabama. This company’s story began in Alabama in 1997. It began producing only one model and after such a great response to the vehicle it increased its production withRead MoreEssay about Unit 532 Diploma 53646 Words   |  15 Pages1. Understand the purpose of supervision 1.1 Evaluate the theoretical approaches to professional supervision The theoretical thoughts around supervision come from the student and teacher, the supervisee learning from the supervisor. The apprentice learning from the master of the trade. The general social care council clearly states that: ‘As social care worker, you must be accountable for the quality of your work and take responsibility for maintaining and improving your skills knowledge ‘. InRead MoreExperimental Study Of Laser Cleaning1188 Words   |  5 Pagesrate so this experimental study aims to assist with the feasibility study of laser cleaning for removal deposits from the surface of ethnographic materials The aim of this work is †¢ to examine the ability of using ( Q-switched Nd:YAG at 1064 nm 532 nm ) to remove the deposits from surface of ethnographic materials without any damage also study if the is any alternations ( chemical or physical ) by doing other analysis as apart from this study †¢ knowing the damage thresholds for ethnographic materialsRead MoreModern Distribution Channel987 Words   |  4 Pagesdistributor, retail) Management sytem Manajemen pemasaran kotler ï‚ · 4. Function of Distribution Channel Acording to Philip Kotler (1997 : 531-532), in a distribution channel, distribution channel members perform multiple functions Information Promotion Ordering Payment Title. 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Le Guin choice in noting these historical events, wasRead MoreThe Ones Who Walked Away From Omelas Analysis1114 Words   |  5 Pagesallege that context clues in â€Å"The Ones Who Walked Away from Omelas†, such as â€Å"They do not use swords, or keep slaves. They are not barbarians† (532). Suggest the time in which the story takes place is, post-civil war era. The narrator also mentions â€Å"They could perfectly well have central heating, subway trains, washing machines and all kinds of devices † (532)., Establishes a time frame, that takes place presumably after the industrial revolution. Le Guin choice in noting these historical events, wasRead MoreUrban Life in Wartime London, Paris, and Berlin786 Words   |  3 PagesLondon. (531). British coffers also helped to save many save Paris from economic ruin. (532). The city of Berlin, however, suffer far more greatly than Paris and London. Resources were much more scarce in Berlin, as Germany devoted more resources to its military than France and Britain. (532). Such scarcity caused a level of urban insecurity, inflation, deprivation, and injustice, unwitnessed in Paris or London. (532). Social Relations The Great War inaugurated a new hierarchy of urban citizenshipRead MoreExpense and Date Explanations Essay1736 Words   |  7 Pages | |Dec31 |Prepaid Insurance |135 |   |60 | |   |Insurance Exp. |532 |60 |   | |Dec31. |Bad Debt Exp |240 | |128 | | |Allowance for Uncollected Accounts

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Zara Case Analysis - 1564 Words

Zara is a retailing chain of Inditexthat specializes in high-fashion at reasonable prices. In the last 12 months, Inditex’s stock price has increased by 50% despite bearish market conditions. The 50% increase is due to the investor expectations of Inditex’s growth. Inditex’s growth can be contributed to the decisions it has made in creating a vertically integrated centralized process. The centralization of its vertically integrated operations in Europe provided it with its competitive advantage; however, I believe it will also make it fail if it decides to grow substantially into other markets. Financial Analysis compare to competitors In comparing Inditex financial performance against its competitors, it is apparent that Inditex is†¦show more content†¦Information Technology: Zara was able to balance convergence and divergence within the company that provided a great platform for its expansion into other countries. They followed standard procedures i n selecting the market that closely resembled the Spanish market, had a minimum level of economic development and relatively easy to enter. The decision of an â€Å"oil-stain† approach in entering made it easier to scale operations by opening up a flag-ship store to fully understand the local environment and culture, then after additional stores would be added. This is similar to the approach Amazon.com is taking in expanding its operations abroad by targeting easy to enter countries and limiting the amount of categories before expanding. In addition because many of the markets they entered were similar to Spain they were able to use basic/standard designs to make up 85%-90% of the product mix. Zara’s expansion procedures also left room for customization for each market and store that wasrequired for different cultures and countries. Some of the areas that had to be tailored between countries were the type entry mode (franchised, owned, joint), product mix and offerin gs that fit their market (decided by the store owners), pricing (some countries are more price sensitive like Germany; however, France was more fashion sensitive) and brand positioning (based on purchasing power and taste). Zara’s open culture amongst headquarters and theShow MoreRelatedZara Case Analysis1872 Words   |  8 PagesAlbert Sedaghatpour Individual Case Analysis-Zara 7/24/09 Introduction Zara is the flagship chain store of Inditex Group owned by Spanish tycoon Amancio Ortega. The group is located in Spain, where the first Zara store was opened. Zara has opposed the industry-wide trend towards turning fast fashion production to low-cost countries. Possibly its most atypical strategy is its policy of zero advertising; the firm opted to invest a portion of revenues in opening new stores instead. 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Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Poetry, Figures of speech Essay Example For Students

Poetry, Figures of speech Essay The pen is mightier than the sword (pen-?writer; sword-?soldier) KINESTHESIA: sense transference, when you describe one kind of sensation in terms of another (e. G. Smell with color) Tasting of Flora and the country green (taste, smell and color) Of music so delicate, soft and intense (sound with sense) HYPERBOLA: transfer and adjective from its appropriate noun to another to which it does not properly belong The passed a sleepless night (a man can be sleepless, not a night) Melissa shook her doubtful curls (Melissa can be doubtful, not her curls PUN: use a word in more than one sense in the same sentence, mostly homonyms or monopoles for the sake of humor Ask for me tomorrow and you will find me a grave man (grave-?serious; grave-?dead) Is life worth living? That depends on the liver (liver-?organ; liver-?person alive) VISION: vividly describe the absent as present to the eye; describe something that you cannot possibly see I see the rural virtues leave the land (virtues cannot be seen) PROLEPSIS: it occurs when future events are referred to as if already past So those two brothers and their murdered man rode past fair Florence (he anticipates that the brothers will kill the man who is riding with them) APOSTROPHE: the writer addresses someone or something not present O Death where is thy sting (he is talking to Death) Fair daffodils, we weep to see you hast away so soon (talking to flowers) PRESUPPOSE: abstract qualities or things are regarded as having the power of speech (similar to personification) The red rose cries, she is near, she is near (roses cannot speak) EMPHASIS HYPERBOLE: exaggeration of ideas, magnification of things beyond their natural bounds or attributing miraculous powers to people for emphasis Beeline smiled and all the world was gay Neptune oceans wash this blood clean from my hand? No. I have waited for eternity CLIMAX: the arrangement of a series of thoughts in increasing impressiveness I came, I saw, I conquered. Pursue him! Flog him! Torture him! Kill him! ANTICLIMAX: the arrangement of a series of thoughts in decreasing impressiveness or a sudden descent from the sublime to the ridiculous Not louder shrieks to pitying heaven are cast when husbands or when lap dogs breath their last (compares mockingly the death of a husband to a dogs) RHETORICAL QUESTIONS: no answer expected because it is assumed that the reader agrees Can the Ethiopians change his skin or the leopard his spots (Ethiopians are lack and leopards are spotted so the answer is obviously NO) Who does not love his country? Obviously everybody does) EXCLAMATION: Oh! Alas! Maybe a word, a phrase, a sentence or a whole passage (!! Marks) expresses strong feelings What a piece or work man is! How noble in reason! CONTRAST IRONY: when the meaning intended is contrary to that apparently expressed (verbal irony or situational irony) Water, water, everywhere, nor any drop to drink (a boat with people adrift in the sea is surrounded by water but they will ironically die of thirst) F or Brutes is an honorable man (he was not, he had murdered Caesar) SARCASM: is meant to mock with often satirical or ironic remarks with a purpose to amuse and hurt someone We very much admire this authors first novel, the cover is so attractive (meaning the content is not good) What a splendid frame! (said of a picture) ANTITHESIS: contrast is obtained by balancing one idea against another generally emphasized by a parallel in grammatical structure Better to reign in hell than serve in heaven His friends described his courage, his enemies discussed his treachery the lie ( _ _ IQ why EPIGRAM: short witty saying, often satirical, frequently expressed in antithesis.